A fertility evaluation tests both partners to find out why pregnancy has not happened yet. It is the starting point for choosing the right treatment, from simple medicines to IUI or IVF. Typical hospital stay: None (outpatient) Time to plan in India: 3 to 5 days Who needs it?* Couples trying for 1 year without success, or 6 months if the woman is over 35 * Irregular or absent periods * Known PCOS, endometriosis or past pelvic surgery * Previous miscarriages * Concerns about s

RIRS (retrograde intrarenal surgery) removes kidney stones using a thin flexible scope passed through the urinary tract and a laser to break the stones, with no cuts on the body. Typical hospital stay: 1 day Time to plan in India: 5 to 7 days Who needs it?* Kidney stones up to about 2 cm * Stones not passing on their own * Stones causing pain, infection or blockage How it's done1. CT scan to locate the stones 2. General or spinal anaesthesia 3. A flexible scope and laser brea

ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) is a form of IVF in which a single healthy sperm is injected directly into each egg. It is especially helpful when male-factor infertility makes natural fertilisation in the lab unlikely. Typical hospital stay: No overnight stay (day-care procedures) Time to plan in India: 3 to 4 weeks for a fresh cycle Who needs it?* Very low sperm count or poor sperm movement * Abnormally shaped sperm * Sperm retrieved surgically * Previous IVF cycles